绩溪抽水蓄能电站工程移民安置环境影响

指出了水利工程移民生产安置是关系到移民的生产水平能否恢复或超过安置前的生产水平的问题,但移民安置也会带来诸多环境问题。处理和解决好绩溪抽水蓄能电站移民安置产生的环境问题则是保障工程建设顺利完成及工程综合效益充分发挥的重要工作。对移民安置于环境的作用和影响进行了分析评价。     

基于主成分分析法的福建省资源环境承载力空间差异研究

基于主成分分析法,利用SPSS19．0软件对福建省的资源环境承载力进行了研究分析。结果表明：从总体上看,沿海地区资源环境承载力综合得分大于内陆地区,但沿海地区内部差异较大,其中,厦漳泉地区以及福州地区资源环境承载力明显高于其它地区。为了促进经济社会的可持续发展,必须充分合理地利用资源环境。     

Nest site selection of white-naped crane （Grus vipio） at Zhalong National Nature Reserve,Heilongjiang, China

White-naped crane （Grus vipio） is a globally threatened spe- cies. It is very important to analyze its nest site selection in circum- stances where there are multiple disturbances, and also helpful to accu- mulate valuable information about this threatened species and supply scientific suggestions for conservation and management. We studied nest site selection and the effects of environmental variables on nesting habits of white-naped crane at Zhalong National Nature Reserve, Qiqihar City, Heilongiiang, China, during March-May of 2002-2008. White-naped crane responded and adapted to changes in the quality of the spatial environments of landscape and microhabitat under multiple environ- mental disturbances. Nest site selection included two scales and two choices, namely the choice of nest site habitat type within the macro-habitat scale and nest site micro-habitat selection within the mi- cro-habitat scale. Nest sites were recorded only in reed marshes. The choice of nest site micro-habitat included three basic elements and six factors, namely incubation element （nest parameters factor, incubation temperature factor and incubation humidity factor）, safety element （pro- tection factor and concealment factor）, and food element （water factor）. Water, remnant reed clusters, and fire were major resource management challenges during the breeding period for the white-naped crane in this Reserve.     

云南省水生生物保护区现状及保护建议

云南省水生生物资源丰富,并有大量的土著种和特有种。近年来,由于水环境破坏、滥捕酷鱼等因素影响,导致很多物种处于濒危甚至灭绝的险境。至2013年底,云南省有各级水生生物自然保护区17个,水产种质资源保护区18个,但相对于境内丰富的水生生物和极其严重的水生生物生存状况而言,水生生物的保护工作任重而道远。藉此,提出增加保护区面积,加强管理,积极治理与修复水环境,建立、健全法律法规,加大对水生生物多样性和保育的研究,建立物种基因库等保护建议。     

基于LQG理论的电子控制空气悬架控制策略研究

根据主动悬架控制理论,采用滤波白噪声作为路面随机输入激励,建立1/4车辆空气悬架模型。同时将电子控制空气悬架（Electronic Control Air Suspension,ECAS）等效为车身质量与车轮质量之间并联阻尼器、弹簧与悬架控制力的模型,将空气弹簧的作用力分解为定常刚度的弹簧力与可变悬架作用力。提出将线性二次型高斯控制理论（LQG）应用到电子控制空气悬架中。在线调整了控制目标的加权系数,使得车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动位移达到比较理想的效果。     

基于ELECTRE的建筑设计方案的优化决策

以南京地区为例,通过建立建筑设计方案评价指标体系,并用模糊综合评判法确定各指标的权重。运用Ecotect具备的模拟功能建立性能化建筑设计方案评价指标,进行建筑项目综合性能模拟,以达到设计方案的优化。采用ELECTRE方法,通过规范决策矩阵来进行多方案多属性的决策,最终得到建筑设计整体综合性能的最优方案。     

活立木生物电及其环境因子远程监测系统的设计

针对活立木与土壤之间存在的生物电实时测量困难的问题,介绍一种活立木生物电及其环境因子远程监测系统。该系统主要包括对活立木生物电信号及其周围环境因子进行采集的下位机系统、进行无线通信的GPRS网络以及对数据进行显示、处理和分析的上位机系统。通过分析位于北京林业大学校内的美桐树进行实验所得到的数据表明,该测量系统能够准确测量活立木生物电信号及周围环境因子,并能将数据实时传送至远程服务器端,可以满足实时测量要求,为后续活立木生物电信号的深入研究和利用奠定了基础。     

基于制动意图模糊识别的电动汽车再生制动研究

为能够最大限度地回收制动能量,增加汽车的续驶里程,达到节能减排的目的,应用模糊逻辑方法对双能量源纯电动汽车制动意图进行识别.应用Matlab/simulink建立制动意图模糊辨识器,对双能量源纯电动汽车再生割动能量回收进行初步建模,将所建模型嵌入仿真软件ADVISOR中进行仿真.仿真结果表明,通过制动意图识别,在一定程度上提高了双能量源纯电动汽车制动能量的回收,证明制动意图识别对双能量源电动汽车的制动能量回收起到积极的作用.     

环境应激对肉鸡的影响和对策

在规模化养殖模式下,肉鸡不可避免地受到不同环境因子的影响而产生应激,环境应激直接影响肉鸡养殖的生产性能和产品质量.本文总结了几种常见环境应激因子对肉鸡健康状况、生产性能、免疫性能、血液生理生化指标、肉品质和机体器官等的影响以及降低肉鸡环境应激的主要技术措施,为有效降低环境应激、提高肉鸡养殖效益提供参考.     

Case study: Treatment of oral and locomotory stereotypic behaviors in a mature sow

A 32-month-old female 225-kg nonpregnant cross-bred Newsham sow presented a 6-week history of stereotypic behaviors when housed in a laboratory research facility. A behavioral examination over 12 daylight hours revealed 3 main stereotypic motor patterns, namely (1) oral-nasal gate manipulation defined as placement of the snout between the bars of the pen gate with repetitive, forceful up and down movement; (2) head weaving defined as repetitive lateral head and snout movement toward the pen gates while rocking back and forth on her forequarters with hooves remaining on ground at all times; and (3) body weaving defined as repetitive shifting of body weight from one side to the other with front hooves lifting alternately off the ground. The sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 4.0%, 12.4%, and 6.8% of her total baseline time budget, respectively. The presumptive diagnosis was oral-nasal and locomotory stereotypies. Three treatments were used to mitigate the duration and frequency of these stereotypic behaviors. Treatment 1—Social treatment (change social stimuli by providing visual and nose-to-nose contact with different neighboring sows); Treatment 2—Forage treatment (change foraging substrates by providing peat moss as a rooting substrate); and Treatment 3—Space treatment (change pen configuration by increasing space). The sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 0%, 0.4%, and 0.1% of her total time budget, respectively; social treatment: the sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 0.9%, 15.3%, and 11.3% of her total time budget, respectively; and forage treatment: the sow performed the oral-nasal gate manipulation and head and body weaving 0.5%, 28.0%, and 15.5% of her total time budget, respectively. This study is one of the first reports to evaluate the treatment of established stereotypies in a mature sow. Results suggest the promise of environmental enrichment as an effective treatment strategy. Further research is needed to evaluate the persistence of these behavioral changes and relative importance of different environmental manipulations provided.